ESP32C3使用BLE 初始化项目参考 项目创建 新建一个基于std的新项目在Cargo.toml添加必要的依赖[package] name = "esp32c3-ble-demo" version = "0.1.0" authors = ["suxii <m@suxii.cn>"] edition = "2021" resolver = "2" rust-version = "1.77" [[bin]] name = "esp32c3-ble-demo" harness = false # do not use the built in cargo test harness -> resolve rust-analyzer errors [features] default = [] experimental = ["esp-idf-svc/experimental"] [dependencies] log = "0.4" esp-idf-svc = { version = "0.51", features = ["critical-section", "embassy-time-driver", "embassy-sync","experimental","std"] } futures = "0.3.31" anyhow = "1.0.98" enumset = "1.1.5" heapless = "0.8.0" esp-idf-sys = "0.36.1" esp-idf-hal = "0.45.2" # 处理序列化，反序列化 serde = { version = "1.0.219", features = ["derive"] } serde_json = "1.0.140" [build-dependencies] embuild = "0.33" 开启BLE功能将sdkconfig.defaults 文件替换成# Rust often needs a bit of an extra main task stack size compared to C (the default is 3K) CONFIG_ESP_MAIN_TASK_STACK_SIZE=7000 CONFIG_BT_BLUEDROID_ENABLED=y CONFIG_BT_ENABLED=y CONFIG_BT_BLE_ENABLED=y CONFIG_BT_GATTS_ENABLE=y CONFIG_BT_BLE_SMP_ENABLE=y CONFIG_BT_GATTS_SEND_SERVICE_CHANGE_MODE=y CONFIG_BT_BTC_TASK_STACK_SIZE=7000 CONFIG_BT_BLE_42_FEATURES_SUPPORTED=y CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_MAX_ACT=10 CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_MAX_ACT_EFF=10 CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_STATIC_ACL_TX_BUF_NB=0 CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_ADV_REPORT_FLOW_CTRL_SUPP=y CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_ADV_REPORT_FLOW_CTRL_NUM=100 CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_ADV_REPORT_DISCARD_THRSHOLD=20 CONFIG_BT_CTRL_BLE_SCAN_DUPL=y # Use this to set FreeRTOS kernel tick frequency to 1000 Hz (100 Hz by default). # This allows to use 1 ms granuality for thread sleeps (10 ms by default). #CONFIG_FREERTOS_HZ=1000 # Workaround for https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/issues/7631 #CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE=n #CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE_DEFAULT_FULL=n并且在同级目录新建一个 sdkconfig.esp32c3文件# Rust often needs a bit of an extra main task stack size compared to C (the default is 3K) CONFIG_ESP_MAIN_TASK_STACK_SIZE=7000 CONFIG_BT_ENABLED=y CONFIG_BT_BLE_ENABLED=y CONFIG_BT_GATTS_ENABLE=y CONFIG_BT_GATTS_SEND_SERVICE_CHANGE_MODE=y CONFIG_BT_BTC_TASK_STACK_SIZE=7000 CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_MODE_BLE_ONLY=y CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_MODE_BR_EDR_ONLY=n CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_MODE_BTDM=n # Use this to set FreeRTOS kernel tick frequency to 1000 Hz (100 Hz by default). # This allows to use 1 ms granuality for thread sleeps (10 ms by default). #CONFIG_FREERTOS_HZ=1000 # Workaround for https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/issues/7631 #CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE=n #CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE_DEFAULT_FULL=n代码编写新建一个ble_server.rs文件，用来管理BLE use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Condvar, Mutex}; use std::thread; use enumset::enum_set; use esp_idf_hal::ledc::{LedcDriver, LedcTimerDriver, Resolution}; use esp_idf_hal::modem; use esp_idf_svc::bt::ble::gap::{AdvConfiguration, BleGapEvent, EspBleGap}; use esp_idf_svc::bt::ble::gatt::server::{ConnectionId, EspGatts, GattsEvent, TransferId}; use esp_idf_svc::bt::ble::gatt::{ AutoResponse, GattCharacteristic, GattDescriptor, GattId, GattInterface, GattResponse, GattServiceId, GattStatus, Handle, Permission, Property, }; use esp_idf_svc::bt::{BdAddr, Ble, BtDriver, BtStatus, BtUuid}; use esp_idf_svc::hal::delay::FreeRtos; use esp_idf_svc::nvs::{ EspNvsPartition, NvsDefault}; use esp_idf_svc::sys::{EspError, ESP_FAIL}; use log::{error, info, warn}; use crate::ble_recv_message; use crate::message::Message; pub fn start( modem: modem::Modem, nvs_clone:EspNvsPartition<NvsDefault> ) -> anyhow::Result<()> { // nvs（Non-Volatile Storage，非易失性存储）是持久化存储，保证断电数据不丢失 // 创建ble蓝牙驱动 let bt = Arc::new(BtDriver::new(modem, Some(nvs_clone))?); // 自定义一个蓝牙集合服务，创建gap，跟gatts let server = ExampleServer::new( Arc::new(EspBleGap::new(bt.clone())?), Arc::new(EspGatts::new(bt.clone())?), ); info!("BLE Gap and Gatts 初始化完成"); let gap_server = server.clone(); // 处理gap事件回调吗，gap在连接阶段参与，不参与内容传输 server.gap.subscribe(move |event| { gap_server.check_esp_status(gap_server.on_gap_event(event)); })?; let gatts_server = server.clone(); // gap处理完成，说明连接已经建立了，现在开始处理gatt，也就是数据通信的部分 server.gatts.subscribe(move |(gatt_if, event)| { gatts_server.check_esp_status(gatts_server.on_gatts_event(gatt_if, event)) })?; info!("BLE Gap and Gatts 订阅事件初始化完成"); server.gatts.register_app(APP_ID)?; info!("Gatts BTP app 完成注册"); // 新线程处理发送消息 let _ = thread::Builder::new() .stack_size(2000) .spawn(move||{ let mut ind_data = 0_u16; loop { server.indicate(&ind_data.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(); info!("广播给客户端的信息为: {ind_data}"); ind_data = ind_data.wrapping_add(1); FreeRtos::delay_ms(10000); } }); anyhow::Ok(()) } const APP_ID: u16 = 0; const MAX_CONNECTIONS: usize = 2; // Our service UUID pub const SERVICE_UUID: u128 = 0xad91b201734740479e173bed82d75f9d; /// Our "recv" characteristic - i.e. where clients can send data. pub const RECV_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID: u128 = 0xb6fccb5087be44f3ae22f85485ea42c4; /// Our "indicate" characteristic - i.e. where clients can receive data if they subscribe to it pub const IND_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID: u128 = 0x503de214868246c4828fd59144da41be; type ExBtDriver = BtDriver<'static, Ble>; type ExEspBleGap = Arc<EspBleGap<'static, Ble, Arc<ExBtDriver>>>; type ExEspGatts = Arc<EspGatts<'static, Ble, Arc<ExBtDriver>>>; #[derive(Debug, Clone)] struct Connection { peer: BdAddr, conn_id: Handle, subscribed: bool, mtu: Option<u16>, } #[derive(Default)] struct State { gatt_if: Option<GattInterface>, service_handle: Option<Handle>, recv_handle: Option<Handle>, ind_handle: Option<Handle>, ind_cccd_handle: Option<Handle>, connections: heapless::Vec<Connection, MAX_CONNECTIONS>, response: GattResponse, ind_confirmed: Option<BdAddr>, } #[derive(Clone)] pub struct ExampleServer { gap: ExEspBleGap, gatts: ExEspGatts, state: Arc<Mutex<State>>, condvar: Arc<Condvar>, } impl ExampleServer { pub fn new(gap: ExEspBleGap, gatts: ExEspGatts) -> Self { Self { gap, gatts, state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Default::default())), condvar: Arc::new(Condvar::new()), } } } impl ExampleServer { // 发送indicate消息 fn indicate(&self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), EspError> { for peer_index in 0..MAX_CONNECTIONS { // 发送数据给全部已经订阅的服务 let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); loop { if state.connections.len() <= peer_index { // 表示已经向全部订阅的客户发送了消息 break; } let Some(gatt_if) = state.gatt_if else { // 丢失了gatt的接口连接 break; }; let Some(ind_handle) = state.ind_handle else { // 丢失了handle break; }; // confirmed翻译为 证实 // 检查状态：确保上次的指示数据已被客户端确认接收。 // 发送数据：如果状态允许，则向指定客户端发送新的指示数据。 // 更新状态：记录当前客户端已接收到指示数据。 // 等待条件：如果状态不允许发送数据，则等待其他线程的通知。 if state.ind_confirmed.is_none() { let conn = &state.connections[peer_index]; self.gatts .indicate(gatt_if, conn.conn_id, ind_handle, data)?; state.ind_confirmed = Some(conn.peer); let conn = &state.connections[peer_index]; info!("Indicated数据发送给客户端 {}", conn.peer); break; } else { state = self.condvar.wait(state).unwrap(); } } } Ok(()) } /// 处理客户端订阅 fn on_subscribed(&self, addr: BdAddr) { // todo 客户端订阅 warn!("客户端 {addr} 订阅了"); } /// 处理客户端取消订阅 fn on_unsubscribed(&self, addr: BdAddr) { // todo 客户肯定取消订阅 warn!("客户端 {addr} 取消订阅"); } /// 接收消息回调 fn on_recv(&self, addr: BdAddr, data: &[u8], offset: u16, mtu: Option<u16>) { // todo 这里写接收消息的逻辑 // 按大端解析 // let res = u16::from_be_bytes([data[0],data[1]]); let res = String::from_utf8_lossy(data); if let Err(e) = ble_recv_message::handle_message(&res){ error!("处理消息错误：{e}") } warn!("接收消息来自客户端 {addr}: {data:?}, offset: {offset}, mtu: {mtu:?} text:{res}"); } /// GAP 事件的主事件处理程序 fn on_gap_event(&self, event: BleGapEvent) -> Result<(), EspError> { info!("得到gap事件: {event:?}"); // ble广播配置 Advertising：广告，广播 if let BleGapEvent::AdvertisingConfigured(status) = event { // 从gap事件中，结构出BtStatus状态，然后检查bt的状态 // 如果bt连接状态检查不通过，就直接往上级抛异常 self.check_bt_status(status)?; // gap处理完成，开启广播 self.gap.start_advertising()?; } Ok(()) } /// GATTS 事件的主事件处理程序 fn on_gatts_event( &self, gatt_if: GattInterface, event: GattsEvent, ) -> Result<(), EspError> { info!("得到gatts事件消息: {event:?}"); match event { // 处理服务注册，注册成功后，创建服务 GattsEvent::ServiceRegistered { status, app_id } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; if APP_ID == app_id { self.create_service(gatt_if)?; } } // 处理服务创建完成后的事件，配置gatts的服务 GattsEvent::ServiceCreated { status, service_handle, .. } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.configure_and_start_service(service_handle)?; } // 处理特征添加 GattsEvent::CharacteristicAdded { status, attr_handle, service_handle, char_uuid, } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.register_characteristic(service_handle, attr_handle, char_uuid)?; } // 添加描述符 GattsEvent::DescriptorAdded { status, attr_handle, service_handle, descr_uuid, } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.register_cccd_descriptor(service_handle, attr_handle, descr_uuid)?; } // 删除服务 GattsEvent::ServiceDeleted { status, service_handle, } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.delete_service(service_handle)?; } // 注销服务 GattsEvent::ServiceUnregistered { status, service_handle, .. } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.unregister_service(service_handle)?; } // 注册或更新其 MTU（Maximum Transmission Unit 最大传输单元）值 GattsEvent::Mtu { conn_id, mtu } => { self.register_conn_mtu(conn_id, mtu)?; } // 处理连接的客户端 GattsEvent::PeerConnected { conn_id, addr, .. } => { self.create_conn(conn_id, addr)?; } // 处理客户端断开连接 GattsEvent::PeerDisconnected { addr, .. } => { self.delete_conn(addr)?; // todo 开启广播 self.gap.start_advertising()?; } GattsEvent::Write { conn_id, trans_id, addr, handle, offset, need_rsp, is_prep, value, } => { let handled = self.recv( gatt_if, conn_id, trans_id, addr, handle, offset, need_rsp, is_prep, value, )?; // 值为true，表示是客户端的操作，例如客户端注册，注销，发送消息 if handled { self.send_write_response( gatt_if, conn_id, trans_id, handle, offset, need_rsp, is_prep, value, )?; } } GattsEvent::Confirm { status, .. } => { self.check_gatt_status(status)?; self.confirm_indication()?; } _ => (), } Ok(()) } /// 创建服务并开始广播， /// 在通知我们 GATTS 应用程序已注册后，从事件回调中调 fn create_service(&self, gatt_if: GattInterface) -> Result<(), EspError> { // 初始化结构体的 GattInterface self.state.lock().unwrap().gatt_if = Some(gatt_if); // 设置esp32设备的名字 self.gap.set_device_name("ESP32")?; // flag 标志位是一个位掩码，具体含义可以参考 Bluetooth SIG 定义的标准。 // 常见的标志位组合： // 0x01：LE Limited Discoverable Mode（有限可发现模式）。 // 0x02：LE General Discoverable Mode（通用可发现模式）。 // 0x04：BR/EDR Not Supported（不支持经典蓝牙）。 // 0x18：LE and BR/EDR Controller（同时支持 LE 和经典蓝牙）。 // 在代码中，flag: 2 表示设备处于通用可发现模式（LE General Discoverable Mode）。 self.gap.set_adv_conf(&AdvConfiguration { include_name: true, // 指示是否在广播数据中包含设备名称 include_txpower: true, // 指示是否在广播数据中包含设备的发射功率 flag: 2, service_uuid: Some(BtUuid::uuid128(SERVICE_UUID)), // 指定设备提供的服务 UUID // service_data: todo!(), // 用于广播与特定服务相关的数据 // manufacturer_data: todo!(), // 用于广播厂商自定义的数据 ..Default::default() })?; self.gatts.create_service( gatt_if, &GattServiceId { id: GattId { uuid: BtUuid::uuid128(SERVICE_UUID), inst_id: 0, // 指定服务的实例Id 如果设备支持多个相同 UUID 的服务实例，inst_id 用于区分它们 }, is_primary: true, // 指示服务是否为主服务 }, 8, )?; Ok(()) } /// 删除服务 fn delete_service(&self, service_handle: Handle) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if state.service_handle == Some(service_handle) { state.recv_handle = None; state.ind_handle = None; state.ind_cccd_handle = None; } Ok(()) } /// 取消注册服务 fn unregister_service(&self, service_handle: Handle) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if state.service_handle == Some(service_handle) { state.gatt_if = None; state.service_handle = None; } Ok(()) } /// 配置并且启动服务 /// 在通知我们创建服务后从事件回调中调用 fn configure_and_start_service(&self, service_handle: Handle) -> Result<(), EspError> { // 初始化service_handle服务 self.state.lock().unwrap().service_handle = Some(service_handle); // 开启gatts服务 // pub type Handle = u16; 由于u16是基本类型，实现了copy，所以下面两个函数都能使用，本质是copy了一份数据 self.gatts.start_service(service_handle)?; // 添加特性 self.add_characteristics(service_handle)?; Ok(()) } /// 添加注册的两个uuid特性到服务中 /// 在通知我们创建服务后从事件回调中调用 fn add_characteristics(&self, service_handle: Handle) -> Result<(), EspError> { // permissions 定义了客户端对该特征的操作权限。 // 在这里，Permission::Write 表示客户端可以写入该特征的值。 // 其他常见的权限包括： // Permission::Read：允许读取特征值。 // Permission::Notify：允许服务器主动通知客户端特征值的变化。 // Permission::Indicate：类似于通知，但需要客户端确认。 // properties 定义了特征的属性（Properties），描述了该特征支持的操作类型。 // 在这里，Property::Write 表示客户端可以通过写操作更新该特征的值。 // 其他常见的属性包括： // Property::Read：允许客户端读取特征值。 // Property::Notify：允许服务器发送通知。 // Property::Indicate：允许服务器发送指示 self.gatts.add_characteristic( service_handle, // 服务的唯一标识 &GattCharacteristic { uuid: BtUuid::uuid128(RECV_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID), permissions: enum_set!(Permission::Write), properties: enum_set!(Property::Write), max_len: 200, // 定义了特征值的最大长度（以字节为单位） auto_rsp: AutoResponse::ByApp, // 表示应用程序需要手动响应客户端的请求 }, &[], // 表示该特征的描述符（Descriptors）列表，&[] 表示没有附加任何描述符 )?; self.gatts.add_characteristic( service_handle, &GattCharacteristic { uuid: BtUuid::uuid128(IND_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID), permissions: enum_set!(Permission::Write | Permission::Read), properties: enum_set!(Property::Indicate), max_len: 200, // Mac iondicate data auto_rsp: AutoResponse::ByApp, }, &[], )?; Ok(()) } /// 添加 CCCD 描述 /// 只添加特征indicate fn register_characteristic( &self, service_handle: Handle, attr_handle: Handle, char_uuid: BtUuid, ) -> Result<(), EspError> { // 在找esp主动推送消息给客户端的uuid服务 let indicate_char = { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if state.service_handle != Some(service_handle) { false } else if char_uuid == BtUuid::uuid128(RECV_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID) { state.recv_handle = Some(attr_handle); false } else if char_uuid == BtUuid::uuid128(IND_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID) { state.ind_handle = Some(attr_handle); true } else { false } }; if indicate_char { self.gatts.add_descriptor( service_handle, &GattDescriptor { uuid: BtUuid::uuid16(0x2902), // CCCD 通常用于控制特征的通知（Notify）和指示（Indicate）功能，允许客户端订阅或取消订阅特征值的变化 permissions: enum_set!(Permission::Read | Permission::Write), }, )?; } Ok(()) } /// 注册 CCCD 描述符 /// 在通知我们添加了描述符后，从事件回调中调用 /// 这段代码的作用是注册一个 CCCD（Client Characteristic Configuration Descriptor）描述符，并将其相关信息存储到内部状态中。具体功能如下： /// 验证描述符的 UUID 是否为标准的 CCCD UUID（0x2902）。 /// 确认描述符所属的服务句柄是否与内部记录的服务句柄一致。 /// 如果条件满足，则将描述符的属性句柄（attr_handle）存储到内部状态中，以便后续用于处理通知或指示功能。 /// 这种设计通常用于 BLE（蓝牙低功耗）设备的 GATT 服务实现中，确保 CCCD 的句柄被正确记录，从而支持客户端订阅或取消订阅特征值的变化 fn register_cccd_descriptor( &self, service_handle: Handle, attr_handle: Handle, descr_uuid: BtUuid, ) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if descr_uuid == BtUuid::uuid16(0x2902) // CCCD UUID && state.service_handle == Some(service_handle) { state.ind_cccd_handle = Some(attr_handle); } Ok(()) } /// 从客户端接收消息 fn register_conn_mtu(&self, conn_id: ConnectionId, mtu: u16) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); // 找到目标客户端 if let Some(conn) = state .connections .iter_mut() .find(|conn| conn.conn_id == conn_id) { // 并且设置最大传输单元的值，字节 conn.mtu = Some(mtu); } Ok(()) } /// 创建一个新的连接 fn create_conn(&self, conn_id: ConnectionId, addr: BdAddr) -> Result<(), EspError> { // 创建指定大小的连接，如果超过，新的连接将不再处理 let added = { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if state.connections.len() < MAX_CONNECTIONS { state .connections .push(Connection { peer: addr, conn_id, subscribed: false, mtu: None, }) .map_err(|_| ()) .unwrap(); true } else { false } }; if added { // 如果已经添加，则配置gap参数 // addr：表示目标设备的蓝牙地址（BdAddr），用于标识要配置连接参数的远程设备。 // min_int_ms：表示连接间隔的最小值（单位为毫秒）。 // max_int_ms：表示连接间隔的最大值（单位为毫秒）。 // latency_ms：表示连接延迟（单位为毫秒）。 // timeout_ms：表示超时时间（单位为毫秒）。 self.gap.set_conn_params_conf(addr, 10, 20, 0, 400)?; } Ok(()) } /// 删除一个连接 fn delete_conn(&self, addr: BdAddr) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); // Connection { peer, .. }：这是结构体解构语法，用于从 Connection 结构体中提取字段 peer if let Some(index) = state .connections .iter() .position(|Connection { peer, .. }| *peer == addr) { // remove： // 从向量中移除指定索引位置的元素。 // 将该索引之后的所有元素向前移动一位，以保持顺序。 // 时间复杂度为 O(n)，因为可能需要移动多个元素。 // swap_remove： // 从向量中移除指定索引位置的元素。 // 使用最后一个元素填补空缺，不保证顺序。 // 时间复杂度为 O(1)，因为只涉及少量操作。 state.connections.swap_remove(index); } Ok(()) } /// 一个辅助方法，用于处理向我们发送数据到 “recv” 特征的客户端 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)] fn recv( &self, _gatt_if: GattInterface, conn_id: ConnectionId, _trans_id: TransferId, addr: BdAddr, handle: Handle, offset: u16, _need_rsp: bool, _is_prep: bool, value: &[u8], ) -> Result<bool, EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); let recv_handle = state.recv_handle; let ind_cccd_handle = state.ind_cccd_handle; let Some(conn) = state .connections .iter_mut() .find(|conn| conn.conn_id == conn_id) else { return Ok(false); }; if Some(handle) == ind_cccd_handle { // 订阅或取消订阅我们的（indication characteristic）指示特性 if offset == 0 && value.len() == 2 { let value = u16::from_le_bytes([value[0], value[1]]); if value == 0x02 { if !conn.subscribed { conn.subscribed = true; self.on_subscribed(conn.peer); } } else if conn.subscribed { conn.subscribed = false; self.on_unsubscribed(conn.peer); } } } else if Some(handle) == recv_handle { // Receive data on the recv characteristic self.on_recv(addr, value, offset, conn.mtu); } else { return Ok(false); } Ok(true) } /// 辅助方法，向Peer客户端发送响应节点，该 Peer 节点刚刚向我们发送了 “recv” 上的一些数据 /// characteristic. （特征） /// 这只是必要的，因为我们支持写确认（与未确认的写入相比，这是更复杂的情况） #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)] fn send_write_response( &self, gatt_if: GattInterface, conn_id: ConnectionId, trans_id: TransferId, handle: Handle, offset: u16, need_rsp: bool, is_prep: bool, value: &[u8], ) -> Result<(), EspError> { // 是否需要处理 写确认 if !need_rsp { return Ok(()); } // 是否准备好了数据 if is_prep { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); state .response .attr_handle(handle) .auth_req(0) .offset(offset) .value(value) .map_err(|_| EspError::from_infallible::<ESP_FAIL>())?; self.gatts.send_response( gatt_if, conn_id, trans_id, GattStatus::Ok, Some(&state.response), )?; } else { self.gatts .send_response(gatt_if, conn_id, trans_id, GattStatus::Ok, None)?; } Ok(()) } /// 处理下一个 indication fn confirm_indication(&self) -> Result<(), EspError> { let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap(); if state.ind_confirmed.is_none() { // Should not happen：表示我们已收到 // 我们没有发送一个指示(indication) // unreachable!() 是 Rust 提供的一个宏，用于标记代码中“不应该到达”的位置，到这里会恐慌 unreachable!(); } // 通知主循环可以发送下一个indication state.ind_confirmed = None; // So that the main loop can send the next indication self.condvar.notify_all(); Ok(()) } fn check_esp_status(&self, status: Result<(), EspError>) { if let Err(e) = status { warn!("检查esp的状态错误为: {:?}", e); } } fn check_bt_status(&self, status: BtStatus) -> Result<(), EspError> { // matches! 是匹配模式，！取反 // bt状态不匹配就抛连接失败异常 if !matches!(status, BtStatus::Success) { warn!("Got status: {:?}", status); Err(EspError::from_infallible::<ESP_FAIL>()) } else { Ok(()) } } fn check_gatt_status(&self, status: GattStatus) -> Result<(), EspError> { if !matches!(status, GattStatus::Ok) { warn!("gatt的状态错误: {:?}", status); Err(EspError::from_infallible::<ESP_FAIL>()) } else { Ok(()) } } } 新建一个ble_recv_message.rs文件，处理BLE的消息接收use log::{error, info}; use crate::{driver_manage::{GLOBAL_LED}, message::{LedMessage, Message}}; pub fn handle_message(src:&str) -> anyhow::Result<()>{ let message = Message::from_str(src); if let Ok(message) = message{ match message { Message::Led(led_message) => { handle_led_message(led_message)? }, Message::Unknown => { error!("收到错误的类型") }, } } anyhow::Ok(()) } fn handle_led_message(led_message:LedMessage)->anyhow::Result<()>{ info!("{:?}",led_message); if led_message.value == 1{ let mut guard = GLOBAL_LED.lock().unwrap(); guard.as_mut().unwrap().set_high()?; }else { let mut guard = GLOBAL_LED.lock().unwrap(); guard.as_mut().unwrap().set_low()?; } anyhow::Ok(()) } 新建message.rs，处理消息传输，序列化跟反序列化 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize}; #[derive(Debug,Serialize,Deserialize)] #[serde(tag="type")] pub enum Message{ #[serde(rename = "led")] Led(LedMessage), #[serde(other)] Unknown } #[derive(Debug,Serialize,Deserialize)] #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")] pub struct LedMessage{ // 0关，1开 pub value:u8 } impl Message{ pub fn to_json(&self) -> serde_json::Result<String>{ serde_json::to_string(self) } pub fn from_str(src:&str) -> serde_json::Result<Self>{ serde_json::from_str(src) } } 新建driver_manage.rs文件，用来管理注册的外设use std::sync::Mutex; use esp_idf_hal::{gpio::{AnyIOPin, AnyOutputPin, Gpio9, Output, OutputPin, PinDriver}, peripheral::Peripheral, prelude::Peripherals}; pub static GLOBAL_LED :Mutex<Option<PinDriver<'static,AnyOutputPin,Output>>> = Mutex::new(None); pub fn init_global(led_gpio:AnyOutputPin) -> anyhow::Result<()>{ { let led = PinDriver::output(led_gpio)?; let mut guard = GLOBAL_LED.lock().unwrap(); *guard = Some(led); } anyhow::Ok(()) } 编辑main.rs文件 use esp_idf_hal::{ gpio::OutputPin, prelude::Peripherals}; use esp_idf_svc::{log::EspLogger, nvs::EspDefaultNvsPartition}; mod ble_server; mod driver_manage; mod message; mod ble_recv_message; fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> { esp_idf_svc::sys::link_patches(); EspLogger::initialize_default(); let peripherals = Peripherals::take()?; let nvs = EspDefaultNvsPartition::take()?; driver_manage::init_global( peripherals.pins.gpio12.downgrade_output())?; ble_server::start(peripherals.modem,nvs.clone())?; anyhow::Ok(()) } 效果展示成功接收到客户端消息

php表单提交并发送邮件给某个邮箱（示例源码） 首先，建立一个index.html文件，代码如下：<html> <head> <title>Simple Send Mail </title> </head> <body> <h1>Mail Form</h1> <form name="form1" method="post" action="mail.php"> <table> <tr><td><b>To</b></td><td> <input type="text" name="mailto" size="35"> </td></tr> <tr><td><b>Subject</b></td> <td><input type="text" name="mailsubject" size="35"></td> </tr> <tr><td><b>Message</b></td> <td> <textarea name="mailbody" cols="50" rows="7"></textarea> </td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Send"> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>然后新建一个“mail.php”文档把传输的文档进行发送<?php $stm="邮件内容"; require("smtp.php"); ########################################## $smtpserver = "smtp.qq.com";//SMTP服务器 $smtpserverport = "465";//SMTP服务器端口 $smtpusermail = "XXX@qq.com";//SMTP服务器的用户邮箱 $smtpemailto = "AAA@qq.com";//发送给谁 $smtpuser = "XXX@qq.com";//SMTP服务器的用户帐号 $smtppass = "666";//SMTP服务器的用户密码 $mailsubject = "666 ";//邮件主题 $mailbody = $stm;//邮件内容 $mailtype = "HTML";//邮件格式（HTML/TXT）,TXT为文本邮件 ########################################## $smtp = new smtp($smtpserver,$smtpserverport,true,$smtpuser,$smtppass);//这里面的一个true是表示使用身份验证,否则不使用身份验证. $smtp->debug = TRUE;//是否显示发送的调试信息 $smtp->sendmail($smtpemailto, $smtpusermail, $mailsubject, $mailbody, $mailtype); echo "<script>alert('邮件发送成功');parent.document.ADDUser.cheheh.click();</script>"; exit; } ?> 最后编写一个邮件类“smtp.php”<?php class smtp { /* Public Variables */ var $smtp_port; var $time_out; var $host_name; var $log_file; var $relay_host; var $debug; var $auth; var $user; var $pass; /* Private Variables */ var $sock; /* Constractor */ function smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass) { $this->debug = FALSE; $this->smtp_port = $smtp_port; $this->relay_host = $relay_host; $this->time_out = 30; //is used in fsockopen() $this->auth = $auth;//auth $this->user = $user; $this->pass = $pass; $this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command $this->log_file = ""; $this->sock = FALSE; } /* Main Function */ function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = "") { $mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from)); $body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body); $header .= "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n"; if($mailtype=="HTML") { $header .= "Content-Type:text/html\r\n"; } $header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n"; if ($cc != "") { $header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n"; } $header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n"; $header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n"; $header .= $additional_headers; $header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n"; $header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n"; list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime()); $header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n"; $TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to)); if ($cc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc))); } if ($bcc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc))); } $sent = TRUE; foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) { $rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to); if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n"); $sent = FALSE; continue; } if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) { $this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); } else { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); $sent = FALSE; } fclose($this->sock); $this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n"); } return $sent; } /* Private Functions */ function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = "") { if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } #auth if($this->auth) { if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command"); } if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending message"); } if (!$this->smtp_eom()) { return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> [EOM]"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command"); } return TRUE; } function smtp_sockopen($address) { if ($this->relay_host == "") { return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address); } else { return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay(); } } function smtp_sockopen_relay() { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); return FALSE; } $this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); return TRUE;; } function smtp_sockopen_mx($address) { $domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address); if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n"); return FALSE; } foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); continue; } $this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n"); return TRUE; } $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n"); return FALSE; } function smtp_message($header, $body) { fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body); $this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> ")); return TRUE; } function smtp_eom() { fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug(". [EOM]\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_ok() { $response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512)); $this->smtp_debug($response."\n"); if (!ereg("^[23]", $response)) { fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n"); fgets($this->sock, 512); $this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n"); return FALSE; } return TRUE; } function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = "") { if ($arg != "") { if($cmd=="") { $cmd = $arg; } else { $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg; } } fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_error($string) { $this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n"); return FALSE; } function log_write($message) { $this->smtp_debug($message); if ($this->log_file == "") { return TRUE; } $message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message; if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) { $this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n"); return FALSE;; } flock($fp, LOCK_EX); fputs($fp, $message); fclose($fp); return TRUE; } function strip_comment($address) { $comment = "\([^()]*\)"; while (ereg($comment, $address)) { $address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address); } return $address; } function get_address($address) { $address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address); $address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address); return $address; } function smtp_debug($message) { if ($this->debug) { //echo $message; } } } ?><?php class smtp { /* Public Variables */ var $smtp_port; var $time_out; var $host_name; var $log_file; var $relay_host; var $debug; var $auth; var $user; var $pass; /* Private Variables */ var $sock; /* Constractor */ function smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass) { $this->debug = FALSE; $this->smtp_port = $smtp_port; $this->relay_host = $relay_host; $this->time_out = 30; //is used in fsockopen() $this->auth = $auth;//auth $this->user = $user; $this->pass = $pass; $this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command $this->log_file = ""; $this->sock = FALSE; } /* Main Function */ function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = "") { $mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from)); $body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body); $header .= "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n"; if($mailtype=="HTML") { $header .= "Content-Type:text/html\r\n"; } $header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n"; if ($cc != "") { $header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n"; } $header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n"; $header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n"; $header .= $additional_headers; $header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n"; $header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n"; list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime()); $header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n"; $TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to)); if ($cc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc))); } if ($bcc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc))); } $sent = TRUE; foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) { $rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to); if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n"); $sent = FALSE; continue; } if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) { $this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); } else { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); $sent = FALSE; } fclose($this->sock); $this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n"); } return $sent; } /* Private Functions */ function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = "") { if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } #auth if($this->auth) { if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command"); } if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending message"); } if (!$this->smtp_eom()) { return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> [EOM]"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command"); } return TRUE; } function smtp_sockopen($address) { if ($this->relay_host == "") { return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address); } else { return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay(); } } function smtp_sockopen_relay() { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); return FALSE; } $this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); return TRUE;; } function smtp_sockopen_mx($address) { $domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address); if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n"); return FALSE; } foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); continue; } $this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n"); return TRUE; } $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n"); return FALSE; } function smtp_message($header, $body) { fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body); $this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> ")); return TRUE; } function smtp_eom() { fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug(". [EOM]\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_ok() { $response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512)); $this->smtp_debug($response."\n"); if (!ereg("^[23]", $response)) { fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n"); fgets($this->sock, 512); $this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n"); return FALSE; } return TRUE; } function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = "") { if ($arg != "") { if($cmd=="") { $cmd = $arg; } else { $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg; } } fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_error($string) { $this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n"); return FALSE; } function log_write($message) { $this->smtp_debug($message); if ($this->log_file == "") { return TRUE; } $message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message; if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) { $this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n"); return FALSE;; } flock($fp, LOCK_EX); fputs($fp, $message); fclose($fp); return TRUE; } function strip_comment($address) { $comment = "\([^()]*\)"; while (ereg($comment, $address)) { $address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address); } return $address; } function get_address($address) { $address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address); $address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address); return $address; } function smtp_debug($message) { if ($this->debug) { //echo $message; } } } ?>

QQxml消息卡片生成源码 QQ XML消息自定义生成源码 这款源码是一个非常实用的 可以用来引流 可以让分享出来的普通网址变为卡片消息 比如自定义内容 有些友友们 好奇心 这样就可以增加大家的点击了下载地址:https://suxii.lanzous.com/iHtMVjjqfmb